Walking time to nearest public automated external defibrillator for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in a major U.S. city.
Resuscitation Plus · 2024-06-26 · Observational study
Abstract
BACKGROUND: How frequently out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) occurs within a reasonable walking distance to the nearest public automated external defibrillator (AED) has not been well studied. METHODS: As Kansas City, Missouri has a comprehensive city-wide public AED registry, we identified adults with an OHCA in Kansas City during 2019-2022 in the Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival. Using AED location data from the registry, we computed walking times between OHCAs and the nearest registered AED using the Haversine formula, a mapping algorithm to calculate walking distance in miles from one location to another. Results were stratified by OHCA location (home vs. public) and by whether the patient received bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). RESULTS: Of 1,522 OHCAs, 1,291 (84.8%) occurred at home and 231 (15.2%) in public. Among at-home OHCAs, 634 (49.1%) received bystander CPR and no patients had an AED applied even as 297 (23.0%) were within a 4-minute walk to the closest public AED. Among OHCAs in public, 108 (46.8%) were within a 4-minute walk to the closest public AED. For public OHCAs within a 4-minute walk, bystanders applied an AED in 13 (12.0%) of these cases and in 24.5% (13/53) of those who received bystander CPR. CONCLUSION: In one U.S. city with a publicly available AED registry, there were no instances in which a bystander accessed a public AED for an OHCA at home. For OHCAs in public, nearly half occurred within a 4-minute walk to the closest AED but bystander use of an AED was low.
Abstract © the authors or publisher, via PubMed. Reuse and removal
Tags
Automated external defibrillator · Bystanders · Time intervals · Urban
Related articles
- Trends in survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with a shockable rhythm and its association with bystander resuscitation: a retrospective study. (Emerg Med J, 2023)
- Is Distance to the Nearest Registered Public Automated Defibrillator Associated with the Probability of Bystander Shock for Victims of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest? (Prehosp Disaster Med, 2018)
- Incidence, process of care, and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in China: a prospective study of the BASIC-OHCA registry. (Lancet Public Health, 2023)
- Mobile applications enhance out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (BMC Health Serv Res, 2025)
- Comparison of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests during the COVID-19 pandemic with those before the pandemic: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. (Front Public Health, 2023)
- Variation in community and ambulance care processes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (Sci Rep, 2022)