Prehospital
Literature Index
EMS systems & operations

Evaluation of emergency medical responses to nursing homes in a local area of Germany.

Christine Gaik, Hinnerk Wulf, Valesco Mann, Dennis Humburg, Benjamin Vojnar

BMC Emergency Medicine · 2025-08-05 · Observational study

Read at publisher · PubMed

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In rural areas with low population density, emergency medical services (EMS) are often the first source of acute medical care in nursing homes (NHs) when nursing staff are unable to manage the situation, and no specialist practitioner is immediately available. This study analysed EMS responses to NHs in a German region to evaluate their frequency, causes, and outcomes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analysed EMS responses to NHs in a German region from July 2020 to December 2024. Prehospital patient care was assessed using the ABCDE approach, with additional analysis of feedback codes transmitted to the control centre. Data were presented through descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Among 81,727 EMS responses, 55,900 were acute emergencies, including 5,738 cases to NHs. The median age of NH patients was 84 years (IQR 78–89), with 41% male and 59% female. Spontaneous breathing was unremarkable in 72% (4,141/5,738) of cases. A pulse rate of 60–100 beats per minute was recorded in 71% (4,093/5,738), and systolic blood pressure ranged between 100 and 140 mmHg in 45% (2,572/5,738). Neurologically, 80% (4,570/5,738) were classified as ‘alert’, and 12% (674/5,738) as ‘responsive to speech’. The most common diagnoses included fractures (face, head, extremities) and pneumonia. In 81.6% of cases, disturbances in all vital signs were classified as ‘low’ to ‘moderate’. CONCLUSION: Most EMS responses to NHs involved patients with stable vital signs, and critically acute conditions were rare. Hospital admissions were predominantly ‘non-urgent’, with patients mainly transferred to primary care hospitals, which typically offer basic medical services, suggesting lower medical complexity. Falls and related injuries, particularly suspected hip fractures, were the leading reason for EMS utilisation. These findings highlight the need for targeted strategies to enhance the management of ‘non-urgent’ cases within NHs and to reduce avoidable hospital admissions, which may partly result from limited access to medical support. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register on 17 December 2024 (ID DRKS00035675).

Abstract © the authors or publisher, via PubMed. Reuse and removal

Tags

Nursing & care homes · Older adults

Related articles